Fortunately, technology has made it possible for the traders to automate the exchage process including market analysis, order execution, predicting market trends, and more. Automated crypto trading is one of the best practices used by computer programs/trading bots to buy and sell cryptocurrencies. These software tools are intended to react to market changes to trade at the right moment. Traders can consider automate trading via the best crypto exchage platforms by making use of trading bots, advanced orders, and more.
Automated trading
So, automated trading is a method of participating in crypto or stock markets by using a program that executes pre-set rules for entering and exiting trades. As the trader, you will combine thorough technical analysis with setting parameters for your positions, such as orders to open, trailing stops, trailing stop loss orders, take profit, etc.
Automated trading methods enable you to carry out many or multiple trades in a small amount of time, with the added benefit of taking the emotion out of your decisions. That's because all the rules of the trade are already built into the preset parameters. With some algorithms, the traders can even use the pre-determined strategies to follow trends and trade accordingly.
Automated crypto trading relies on algorithms which are actually the set of instructions used to solve computational issues. In the crypto sphere, algorithms can trade digital assets on behalf of the traders. And, the programs which use algorithms to trade are the bots. The best platforms offer a variety of bots to the traders which work based on preset conditions, signals, market analysis, and more. Usually, trading bots use APIs that help traders to interact with multiple exchanges.
]]>I am trying to clone a Mifare Classic 1k used for a coffee machine. More for the learning process than for the coffee itself !
I have a proxmark3, I have flashed the firmware thanks to Iceman's Wiki.
Now I've tried few commands, I am pretty confused because when I use the hf mf autopwn command, I see that 7 keys are missing.
I am not really sure what I am supposed to do next...
Here below you will find the output of the commands :
usb] pm3 --> hw version
[ Proxmark3 RFID instrument ]
[ Client ]
Iceman/master/v4.18341-6-g1a7b2856e-suspect 2024-03-25 13:37:46 20d6f7f37
compiled with............. GCC 13.2.0
platform.................. Linux / x86_64
Readline support.......... present
QT GUI support............ present
native BT support......... absent
Python script support..... present
Lua SWIG support.......... present
Python SWIG support....... present
[ Proxmark3 ]
device.................... device / fw mismatch
firmware.................. RDV4
external flash............ present
smartcard reader.......... absent
FPC USART for BT add-on... absent
[ ARM ]
bootrom: Iceman/master/v4.18341-6-g1a7b2856e-suspect 2024-03-25 13:38:14 20d6f7f37
os: Iceman/master/v4.18341-6-g1a7b2856e-suspect 2024-03-25 13:38:31 20d6f7f37
compiled with GCC 13.2.1 20231009
[ FPGA ]
fpga_pm3_lf.ncd image 2s30vq100 2024-02-03 15:12:10
fpga_pm3_hf.ncd image 2s30vq100 2024-02-03 15:12:20
fpga_pm3_felica.ncd image 2s30vq100 2024-02-03 15:12:41
fpga_pm3_hf_15.ncd image 2s30vq100 2024-02-03 15:12:31
[ Hardware ]
--= uC: AT91SAM7S512 Rev B
--= Embedded Processor: ARM7TDMI
--= Internal SRAM size: 64K bytes
--= Architecture identifier: AT91SAM7Sxx Series
--= Embedded flash memory 512K bytes ( 69% used )
[usb] pm3 --> hf search
[!] ⚠ No known/supported 13.56 MHz tags found
[usb] pm3 --> hf search
? Searching for ISO14443-A tag...
[+] UID: 8C C3 A6 0C
[+] ATQA: 00 04
[+] SAK: 08 [2]
[+] Possible types:
[+] MIFARE Classic 1K
[=] proprietary non iso14443-4 card found, RATS not supported
[+] Prng detection....... weak
[?] Hint: try `hf mf` commands
[+] Valid ISO 14443-A tag found
[+] UID: 8C C3 A6 0C
[+] ATQA: 00 04
[+] SAK: 08 [2]
[+] Possible types:
[+] MIFARE Classic 1K
[=] proprietary non iso14443-4 card found, RATS not supported
[+] Prng detection....... weak
[?] Hint: try `hf mf` commands
[+] Valid ISO 14443-A tag found
[usb] pm3 --> hf mf autopwn
[!] ⚠ no known key was supplied, key recovery might fail
[+] loaded 5 dynamic keys
[+] loaded 61 keys from hardcoded default array
[=] running strategy 1
[=] .
[=] running strategy 2
[=] .
[+] target sector 0 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ] (used for nested / hardnested attack)
[+] target sector 0 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 1 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 1 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 2 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 2 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 3 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 3 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 4 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 4 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 5 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 5 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 6 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 6 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 7 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 7 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 8 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 9 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 10 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 11 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 12 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 13 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 14 key type A -- found valid key [ A0A1A2A3A4A5 ]
[+] target sector 15 key type A -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[+] target sector 15 key type B -- found valid key [ FFFFFFFFFFFF ]
[-] ⛔ Tag isn't vulnerable to Nested Attack (PRNG is probably not predictable).
[-] ⛔ Nested attack failed --> try hardnested
[=] Hardnested attack starting...
[=] ---------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+-------
[=] | | | Expected to brute force
[=] Time | #nonces | Activity | #states | time
[=] ---------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+-------
[=] 0 | 0 | Start using 4 threads and AVX SIMD core | |
[=] 0 | 0 | Brute force benchmark: 1021 million (2^29.9) keys/s | 140737488355328 | 2d
[=] 1 | 0 | Loaded 0 RAW / 351 LZ4 / 0 BZ2 in 872 ms | 140737488355328 | 2d
[=] 1 | 0 | Using 239 precalculated bitflip state tables | 140737488355328 | 2d
[!!] ? Error: Static encrypted nonce detected. Aborted
[+] found keys:
[+] -----+-----+--------------+---+--------------+----
[+] Sec | Blk | key A |res| key B |res
[+] -----+-----+--------------+---+--------------+----
[+] 000 | 003 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 001 | 007 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 002 | 011 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 003 | 015 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 004 | 019 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 005 | 023 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 006 | 027 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 007 | 031 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] 008 | 035 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 009 | 039 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 010 | 043 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 011 | 047 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 012 | 051 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 013 | 055 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 014 | 059 | A0A1A2A3A4A5 | D | ------------ | 0
[+] 015 | 063 | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D | FFFFFFFFFFFF | D
[+] -----+-----+--------------+---+--------------+----
[=] ( D:Dictionary / S:darkSide / U:User / R:Reused / N:Nested / H:Hardnested / C:statiCnested / A:keyA )
Thank you for your support.
]]>Watch it here:
https://youtu.be/SpMFnKTdUXg
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]]>Special thanks to HenryGab for making groundbreaking replication of key recovery for EM4x70/ID48 cards a reality.
Your support fuels our innovation.
See what's new,
https://github.com/RfidResearchGroup/pr … ANGELOG.md
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